Sustainability of Fashion Apparel Toward Environmental Well-Being and Sustainable Development

This paper will look into the agenda of the United Nations (UN) for the planned global, social and environmental progression in Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially goals on the quality of education and responsible consumption and production. The combination of these two goals touched on quality education in the field of fashion and also fostered a responsible attitude among producers and consumers. Hence, educators, designers and manufacturers need to ensure the process and production of eco-friendly products do not harm consumers and nature while reducing the amount of waste. Responsibilities of the manufacturers are in terms of producing and adopting sustainable methods in production of textile and clothing products. Furthermore, consumer attitudes and behaviors are also very influential in utilizing of textile products considering the environmental sustainability aspects. In this study, critical review of relevant literature will be conducted. In the context of education for fashion conservation, it is important to raise awareness on the responsibilities of educators, students, consumers and producers on the importance of conserving the environment for future generations. All parties need to play their role in realizing the aspirations of the SDGs agenda. This aspiration can be achieved in an integrated manner through a combination of sustainable practices, positive attitudes and behaviors

The Effects of FDM Printing Parameters on the Compression Properties of Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) using Finite Element Analysis

3D printing technology has become a favored alternative in fabricating parts due to its flexibility in product customization. Recently, an abundant number of studies have been conducted to improve the overall quality of the 3D printed parts. One of the essential qualities is to provide mechanical properties that fulfill the functionality of the final product. Thus, providing the best option in tailoring the mechanical properties of 3D printed parts is very useful. This paper investigates the effects of printing parameters on the mechanical properties of Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) using finite element analysis (FEA). Taguchi's 33 design-of-experiment methods were used to design the experiment for the following printing parameters: shell thickness, type of infill, and infill density. The compressive test was performed using Ansys software and the variables under study were strain and total deformation. The results obtained from the FEA simulation show that the strain and total deformation are mainly influenced by infill density, followed by the type of infill and shell thickness. It is deduced from the study that the optimum printing parameters with higher infill density (70%) and combination with triangular infill pattern able to hold the structure more rigidly, therefore providing more resistance against deformation. This study proposed a platform for determining the mechanical properties of 3D models for FDM printed parts using FEA analysis

Issues and trends in fashion education sustainability

United Nations (UN) has declared Sustainable Development Education (ESD) as an effort to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs). Hence, it is encouraged that all parties globally, the government, the industry and education to implement a holistic and creative ESD approach to realize the goals of SDGs. ESD issues are also discussed in fashion education because the fashion industry is a contributor to environmental pollution. Thus, the values of sustainability in fashion education should be applied to students at an early stage so that students can understand different perspectives when faced with sustainability issues. In addition, students' attitudes and behaviour towards environmental issues are also at a moderate level. Students have been influenced by various influences such as mass media, ideologies and other social aspects. Thus, the objective of this study was to provide more information on issues in sustainable fashion education. The researcher also tried to channel some initiatives and the mechanism that can be used for the ESD practice approach in fashion education. The methodology used in this article was through the information review of previous studies. The information collected consists of articles of study and existing reports. The general and specific keywords were also used in the information search. Besides, the researcher also modified previous research results and combined various previous research findings to identify issues and trends of ESD in fashion education. From the findings, several parties play important roles in practising ESD in fashion education. The parties involved are educators, educational institutions, the government and the industry. In addition, various approaches can be done to promote ESD practices to students such as the application of mixed technology, the use of conceptual models in the fashion curriculum, the development of sustainable fashion courses, innovation in curriculum and pedagogy as well as collaborative activities between institutions and the industry. The findings also showed that several theories and models of previous studies discussed the significant relationship of factors influencing ESD practices. Those theories are Theory of Planned Behavior-TPB, Norm Activation Theory - NAT, Predictors of Environmental Behavior: PEB model and KAP Model

The effects of FDM printing parameters on the compression properties of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) using finite element analysis

3D printing technology has become a favored alternative in fabricating parts due to its flexibility in product customization. Recently, an abundant number of studies have been conducted to improve the overall quality of the 3D printed parts. One of the essential qualities is to provide mechanical properties that fulfill the functionality of the final product. Thus, providing the best option in tailoring the mechanical properties of 3D printed parts is very useful. This paper investigates the effects of printing parameters on the compression properties of Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) using finite element analysis (FEA). Taguchi's 33 design-of-experiment methods were used to design the experiment for the following printing parameters: shell thickness, type of infill, and infill density. The compressive test was performed using Ansys software and the variables under study were strain and total deformation. The results obtained from the FEA simulation show that the compressive strain and total deformation are mainly influenced by infill density, followed by the type of infill and shell thickness. It is deduced from the study that the optimum printing parameters with higher infill density (70%) and combination with triangular infill pattern are able to hold the structure more rigidly, therefore providing more resistance against deformation. This study proposed a platform for determining the mechanical properties of 3D models for FDM printed parts using FEA analysis

Enhancing cosmetology students’ communication skills in Malaysian upper secondary vocational education program

The quality of beauty treatment services will be evaluated by the clients subjectively whether they are satisfied or otherwise with the services provided. However, the reports and complaints related to customer dissatisfaction when receiving beauty treatment services at beauty centers are increasing. Unfortunately, the suggestions for improvement from the previous studies are still insufficient. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the importance of proficiency in communication skills and the need for training modules in the teaching and learning process (T&L). It is required to improve communication skills among cosmetology students for Upper Secondary Vocational Education Program (USVEP) in beauty arts course. The data were collected through the interview method on six USVEP teachers and a beauty salon entrepreneur. The findings of the study found that the proficiency in communication skills among the cosmetology students is an important requirement for employers in selecting their employees, increasing customer loyalty and the customer’s frequency to visit beauty salons, and maintaining the excellent performance of cosmetology students in the workplace. In addition, there is also a high demand for the development of communication skills training modules in helping cosmetology students to constantly updated with new knowledge and skills needed from time to time. Therefore, adequate training is required to improve the competency in communication skills among the cosmetology students

A comprehensive power restoration approach using rule-based method for 11kV distribution network

Restoration of supply to the unaffected areas is an important issue in distribution control centers, especially when a fault occurs at a particular section in a distribution network. The concerns are to optimize power dispatch, achieve rapid restoration plan with minimal number of switching involved and to reduce technical loss (I2 R) without violating technical and operational constraints in the network. This requires fast computation time and selection of best restoration plan for customer’s satisfaction. This paper presents a restoration algorithm based on a Rule-Based approach. The algorithm is computationally programmed to provide multiple solutions and to recommend the best option of switching for a dispatcher. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated using an actual 11kV underground cable distribution network. The chosen test configuration includes three commonly occurring cases in a distribution network - namely one feedback, two feedbacks and three feedbacks respectively. Developed algorithms are tested in two scenarios i.e. with and without technical and operational violation. The result shows that the proposed method is able to generate the best possible restoration plan, whilst ensuring a continuous supply to the unaffected customer. Therefore this method can be considered as an alternative to the conventional way currently being implemented in many utilities to improve the restoration procedure

Design simulation and development of prototype filling nozzle in food industry

This project necessitates the use of simulation to design the filling nozzles for the food industry. Filling nozzles are used for food packaging production and the speed and efficiency are dependent on the filling nozzle design. The current filling nozzle design is only capable of producing a low volume of production due to the design limitation. Therefore, the new design was proposed to solve this problem by improving several components that can be modified based on the density of the food and the volume of the liquid to be filled. Several designs were proposed and simulated using finite element analysis (FEA) to observe the efficiency of the fluid flow behaviour to imitate the filling process. The same properties of coconut milk utilized in the industry were used for the simulation with A DENSITY OF 1014 kg/m3 and a viscosity of 0.00161Pa.s. All proposed designs were evaluated using the Pugh method and the best design with more outflow channels was proposed which appeared can provide higher flow velocity and a smoother flow at the outlet and eventually lead to higher production

Maze warriors

Light travels in a straight line and never curves, but changes its direction through reflection. The light ray that strikes a surface is called the incident ray, while the one that bounces off is the reflected ray. All reflected light obeys the Snell’s Law, that the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection

Socio-demographic, cognitive status and comorbidity determinants of catastrophic health expenditure among elderly in Malaysia

An ageing population has a significant impact in terms of health care costs to the elderly, their families and societies. The elderly consume a greater volume of health care facilities and bear out-of-pocket (OOP) health expenditure for their age-related diseases (ARD) physically or mentally. The most common ARD that relates to cognitive functions is mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. The purpose of this study was to examine the socio-demographic, cognitive status and comorbidities and hospital utilisation factors that affect the likelihood of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) among the elderly in Malaysia. A survey using multi-stage random sampling techniques recruited 2274 elderly people (60 years and above) in Johor, Perak, Selangor and Kelantan. Overall, the incidence of CHE among the elderly is 2% and the highest is in the MCI category at 2.4%. Based on logistic regression analysis, the results suggest that CHE among elderly in Malaysia are affected by socio-demographic indicators at a 5% significance level. Among the comorbidities that we studied, cancer is the only comorbidity that influenced CHE among elderly. Findings from this study should prompt policy action to financially support the poor elderly who are at risk of CHE in Malaysia especially those with MCI and dementia